"Ping" is used to verify if the target computer in a network is available and how much time the routing takes. For this, "Ping" sends an ICMP-"Echo-Request"-packet (ping) to the target computer. If said computer supports the protocol, it then sends an answer: an ICMP-"Echo-Reply" (pong).
This tool sends 10 ICMP-packets to the target computer.
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No reply by the target computer does not automatically mean it's not available. Some target computers discard ICMP-packets without sending an answer.